História da Informática: o aparecimento do computador pessoal

References

[1] – Bill Gosper, quoted in Steven Levy, Hackers of the Computer Revolution (New York: Anchor Doubleday, 1984): 67.[2] – Bell et al., Computer Engineering, tabela na  p. 507[3] – Edward Fredkin entrevista com o autor, 21 maio de 1993, referida por Paul Ceruzzzi in Modern Computing, 3003.[4] – David Ahl, “Computer Games”, in Anthony Ralston and Edwin Reilly, eds, in Encyclopedia of Computer Science, third edition (New York: Van Nostrand, 1993): 285-287.[5] – Max Palevsky, 10 julho 1974, U.S. v. IBM, Accession 1912, Box 31, transcript; Hagley Musem Archives.[6] – Stephen Manes and Paul Andrews, Gates: How Microsoft’s Mogul Reinvented and Industry, and Made Himself the Richest Man in America (New York: Doubleday, 1993): 28-36.[7] – Brand, “Spacewar: The Fanatic Life”; também Freiberger, Fire in the valey, 100-102.[8] – Chuck House, “Hewlett-Packard and Personal Computing Systems”, in Adele Goldberg, ed., Hystory of Personal Worstation (Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1988): 413-414; Gordon Bell, entrevista com o autor, 16 de junho de 1992.[9] – Peggy A., Landmarks in Digital Computing: a Smithsonian Pictorial History(Whashington; DC: Smithosian Press, 1994).[10] – Chung Tung, “The Personal Computer: a Fully Programmable Pocket Calculator”, Hewlette-Packard Journal (1974).[11] – Gordon E. Moore, “Progress in Digital Integrated Electronics”, Prooceedings International Electron Devices Meeting (Dezembro de 1975). Robert Noyce afirma que a primeira comunicação de Moore sobre este assunto foi em 1964: “Microeletronics”, Scientific American (Setembro de 1977). Moore previu que a taxa iria duplicar em cada dois anos (1980). Verificamos, hoje, que a taxa de densidade dos chips tem vindo a duplicar cada dezoito meses.[12] – Clifford Barney, “He Started MOS From Scratch”, Electronics Week (Outubro, 1984).[13] – William Barden, How to Buy and Use Minicomputers and Microcomputers(Indianopolis: Howard Sams, 1976).[14] – Noyce e Hoff, “A History of Microprocessor Design”, American Heritage of Invention and Technology (Fall, 1994).[15] – Edward Roberts, “Exclusive, Altair 8800: The most Powerful Minicomputer Project Ever Presented”, Popular Electronics(Janeiro, 1975).[16] – Pugh et al, IBM’s 360 and Early 370 Systems (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1991).[17] – Jim Warren, “First World on a Floppy-disc Operating System”, Dr. Dobb’s Journal(Abril, 1976).