{"id":66362,"date":"2021-10-26T08:25:30","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T08:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/?p=66362"},"modified":"2022-01-04T14:21:53","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T14:21:53","slug":"overview-of-5g-cellular-networks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/?p=66362","title":{"rendered":"Overview of 5G cellular networks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;p&#8221; text_font=&#8221;font-213936&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h5&#8243; text_height=&#8221;fontheight-843833&#8243;]Kriativ-tech Volume 1, Issue 9, April 2018, Pages: xxx Received: Dec. 28, 2019; Accepted: Feb. 25, 2020. Published: Oct. 11, 2021.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h3&#8243;]Authors[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;p&#8221; text_size=&#8221;h5&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;406374&#8243;]S\u00e9rgio Pinto, Teaching Assistant at ISTEC<br \/>\n[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_custom_heading]Media[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_button button_color=&#8221;accent&#8221; border_animation=&#8221;btn-ripple-out&#8221; border_width=&#8221;0&#8243; link=&#8221;url:http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kriativ-tech.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2021%2F11%2FSERGIO-PINTO-1.pdf|target:_blank&#8221; button_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;177791&#8243;]PDF[\/vc_button][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h4&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h4&#8243;]To cite this article[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;p&#8221; text_size=&#8221;h6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;967559&#8243;]Sergio Pinto, <strong>Overview of 5G cellular networks<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DOI: 10.31112\/kriativ-tech-2021-10-56[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;1&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; column_padding=&#8221;1&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h3&#8243;]Abstract[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;p&#8221; text_font=&#8221;font-213936&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h5&#8243; text_height=&#8221;fontheight-843833&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;980983&#8243;]The 5G technology corresponds to the 5th generation of mobile cellular networks, which, by the time this paper was written, was not yet commercially available in some countries, like Portugal. Therefore, the reason for this paper subject is to make known a general description of this new 5G technology, namely, its main improvements in respect to the previous 4th generation: the support of higher data transmission rates, enabling a network capacity\/connectivity increase and the lower radio transmission latency, with their benefits for users and operators.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h3&#8243;]Keywords[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;p&#8221; text_size=&#8221;h5&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;154094&#8243;]5G, eMBB, mMTC, URLLC, CUPS, SBA, virtualization, cloud, slicing [\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h3&#8243;]References[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;p&#8221; text_font=&#8221;font-213936&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h5&#8243; text_height=&#8221;fontheight-843833&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;805694&#8243;][1] Correia, Luis M, 5G Mobile Communications, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico \/ INESC-ID, University of Lisbon, Portugal<\/p>\n<p>[2] Rommer S., Hedman P., Olsson M., Frid L., Sultana S., Mulligan C. (2020), 5G Core Networks, Powering Digitalization, Academic Press<\/p>\n<p>[3] Pinto, S\u00e9rgio (2013), General perspective of 4G cellular networks, Kriativ.Tech journal, Edition 5, from Instituto Superior de Tecnologias Avan\u00e7adas (ISTEC). Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/kriativ-tech.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/KriativTechEdicao005.pdf?x45251<\/p>\n<p>[4] EventHelix (2017), 5G NR: The New Radio interface for 5G. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/medium.com\/5g-nr\/5g-nr-the-new-radio-interface-for-5g-2b769a59ea80<\/p>\n<p>[5] Alepo (2019), 5G SA vs. 5G NSA: What Are The Differences? Retrieved from:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"OWGqQxvWvt\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alepo.com\/5g-sa-vs-5g-nsa-what-are-the-differences\/\">5G SA vs 5G NSA: What Are The Differences?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;5G SA vs 5G NSA: What Are The Differences?&#8221; &#8212; Alepo\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alepo.com\/5g-sa-vs-5g-nsa-what-are-the-differences\/embed\/#?secret=OWGqQxvWvt\" data-secret=\"OWGqQxvWvt\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>[6] Samsung (2019), 5G Core Vision, Revolutionary changes in Core with the arrival of 5G. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/image-us.samsung.com\/SamsungUS\/samsungbusiness\/pdfs\/5G_Core_Vision_Technical_Whitepaper.pdf<\/p>\n<p>[7] Kosak S. (2019), Evolution of Core Network (3G vs. 4G vs. 5G). Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/medium.com\/@sarpkoksal\/core-network-evolution-3g-vs-4g-vs-5g-7738267503c7<\/p>\n<p>[8] Pinto, S\u00e9rgio (2019), General Perspective of Network Functions Virtualization, Kriativ.Tech journal, Edition 8, from Instituto Superior de Tecnologias Avan\u00e7adas (ISTEC). Retrieved from:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Px7nRcPK1A\"><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/?p=66135\">General Perspective of Network Functions Virtualization<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;General Perspective of Network Functions Virtualization&#8221; &#8212; Kriativ-Tech\" src=\"http:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/?p=66135&#038;embed=true#?secret=Px7nRcPK1A\" data-secret=\"Px7nRcPK1A\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>[9] 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 23.501 version 15.3.0 Release 15 (2017); 5G; System Architecture for the 5G System. Retrieved from: https:\/\/portal.3gpp.org\/desktopmodules\/Specifications\/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3144<\/p>\n<p>[10] Evopedia (2021), 5G Service-Based Architecture. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/devopedia.org\/5g-service-based-architecture<\/p>\n<p>[11] NGMN Alliance (2018), Service-Based Architecture in 5G. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.ngmn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Publications\/2018\/180119_NGMN_Service_Based_Architecture_in_5G_v1.0.pdf<\/p>\n<p>[12] Test and Verification (2018), 5G Usage Scenarios in Non-Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) Operation. Retrieved from:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"IfdjPJbYUB\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testandverification.com\/5g-usage-scenarios-nsa-sa\">5G Usage Scenarios in Non-Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) Operation<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;5G Usage Scenarios in Non-Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) Operation&#8221; &#8212; T&amp;VS\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testandverification.com\/5g-usage-scenarios-nsa-sa\/embed#?secret=IfdjPJbYUB\" data-secret=\"IfdjPJbYUB\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>[13] Semiconductor Engineering (2019), Should We Even Be Talking About 6G? Retrieved from:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"VVNTDaHGgx\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/semiengineering.com\/should-we-even-be-talking-about-6g\/\">Should We Even Be Talking About 6G?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Should We Even Be Talking About 6G?&#8221; &#8212; Semiconductor Engineering\" src=\"https:\/\/semiengineering.com\/should-we-even-be-talking-about-6g\/embed\/#?secret=VVNTDaHGgx\" data-secret=\"VVNTDaHGgx\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>[14] EAHISON (2019), Characteristics Of 5G Network And Evolution Of Antenna Requirements. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.eahison.com\/5g-network-evolution-of-antenna-requirements.html<\/p>\n<p>[15] Telit, LTE Evolution: Standardization &amp; Deployment The long run to 5G. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.telit.com\/lte-evolution-standardization-and-deployment-the-long-run-to-5g\/#mimo<\/p>\n<p>[16] GoTechinicalNow, 5G Core Service-Based Architecture (SBA) Part 2. Retrieved from:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"QwaNiqqIHI\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/gotechnicalnow.com\/5g-core-service-based-architecture-sba-part-2\/\">5G Core Service-Based Architecture (SBA) Part 2<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;5G Core Service-Based Architecture (SBA) Part 2&#8221; &#8212; Go Technical Now\" src=\"https:\/\/gotechnicalnow.com\/5g-core-service-based-architecture-sba-part-2\/embed\/#?secret=QwaNiqqIHI\" data-secret=\"QwaNiqqIHI\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>[17] Pathak R., A Beginners Guide for 5G Core Network Architecture. Retrieved from:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.rajarshipathak.com\/2020\/01\/beginners-guide-for-5g-core-network-architecture.html<br \/>\n[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00e9rgio Pinto, Teaching Assistant at ISTEC<br \/>\nDOI: 10.31112\/kriativ-tech-2021-10-56<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66362"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=66362"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66430,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66362\/revisions\/66430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=66362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=66362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriativ-tech.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=66362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}